The osteoarthritis of the hip joint (coksarrosis) is a disease of a progressive type, which affects the bone tissue and cartilage of the joint (until destruction).Most of the time it occurs after 40 years, in people with a healthy body it is manifested due to the negative impact of several factors, the loads of sports and physical plans, obesity.
Characteristics of the disease
The initial stage of the disease is manifested by insignificant pain, but a newspaper in the joint, practically does not cause concern.Little by little, the pathology develops, without treatment, can cause the complete loss of mobility (disability).
Under the influence of adverse factors, metabolism and blood circulation are altered, which negatively affects cartilage.It becomes less elastic, cracks are formed on its surface.The progression of the disease forms the deformation of the cartilage, its cracking and abrasion.
Often, the particles fall into the joint cavity, which becomes the basis of inflammation processes.Gradually, the inflammation process extends to the bones, which causes death to the plots, also the bone growths are formed, which seriously damages soft tissues and causes serious pain.
Causes
- Traumatic influences,as well as the implementation of complex physical exercises, professional sports.All these reasons often become the basis for the development of osteoarthritis in the absence of adequate and timely treatment, as well as the correct lifestyle.
- The appearance of microtrauma of the joint,That they did not cure in a timely way, also the cause of the formation of osteoarthritis can be scoliosis, kyphosis, that is, the curvature of the spine.
- Flat feetIt creates an inadequate distribution of the load in the spine and the pelvic area, which forms the joint microtrauma.
- Infectious diseases,as well as arthritis.Gota in which serious inflammation processes are formed, which makes the stages of osteoarthritis more intense.
- With arthritis,as well as all types of tissue defects of cartilage.
Idiopathic or primary osteoarthritis is more frequently formed in old age due to the natural wear of the joints, characterized by symmetrical characteristics of the lesion, it has an unfavorable course (most of the time it is possible to suppress the manifestations, but a complete cure is almost impossible).
Secondary cookardisis develops more frequently in the context of other diseases: degenerative, lesions, vascular damage or soft tissues, diabetes, excess weight with metabolic disorders, etc.
Degree
- 1 grade.It proceeds almost asymptomatic, so patients are perceived frivolously.There are still manifestations, and if the treatment begins in a timely manner, this is a complete guarantee of recovery.The patient feels periodic pain in the pelvic area, the mobile function remains the same, but in the X -ray image you can see immediately, even a light, but still narrows the gap between the joints.The first degree is treated through conservative methods.
- 2 degrees.In the absence of treatment, the disease progresses, the discomfort increases, a slight limitation of motor functions is formed, the manifestations become more pronounced and lameness is caused during prolonged walk, and morning pain occurs.Muscles in the leg and buttock can deform and dry.At this stage, pharmacological treatment is prescribed, combining the elimination of inflammation processes, the slowdown in progression, as well as the restoration of cartilage type tissue.
- 3 degrees.The most difficult (end).At this stage, a rape of the motor type is formed, a person can become a disabled person.The pain becomes constant, physical activity is almost impossible, a shortening of a limb occurs.Surgical intervention is used as a treatment, after which anti -inflammatory and analgesics are prescribed.Preparations that restore the cartilage type tissue are also prescribed.
Why is arthrosis dangerous?
The most effective will be the treatment in the first stage.If there is a lack of treatment in the second stage, then the necrosis of the tissues will be the consequence.The formation of osteophytes, inflammation processes (in certain purulent cases).
In the third stage, articulation joints are produced, which almost completely interrupts the function of the movement.A person can only move with crutches or a wand.
Symptoms
1 grade:
- The periodic effect of pain on the articulation of the pelvis occurs more frequently with significant sports or physical effort.
- The effect of pain of a painful nature, which takes place after a minor rest.
- The movement is not limited.
2 degrees:
- The discomfort is stronger, the performance of physical exercises becomes almost impossible.
- It is difficult to calm down, fold the leg at the joint board, take it to the side.
- When walking, a serious limp is formed (a person sways from side to side).
- After waking up, serious pain occurs, in a few minutes the engine function is seriously limited.
- The atrophy of the muscles of the extremities occurs, during an X line, necrosis, the growth of osteophytes, the deformation of the joint and the bones can be diagnosed.
3 degrees:
- The pain becomes simply unbearable, it is constant, the dream is disturbed, severe depression occurs.
- A limb, as a rule, is 10% shorter (due to the destruction of the joint), additional articulation pathologies are being developed, which forms a complete absence of the motor function.
- When walking, a strong limp.
Diagnosis
- Visual inspection.
- Clinical tests.
- X -Ray.
- Type of a type of computer.
- Ultrasound research.
Treatment characteristics
- The anti -inflammatory type of non -steroidal nature is a symptomatic agent that reduces the effect of pain and reduces the spread of inflammation (Meloxicam, Celoxib, Sodium, phenylbutazone diclofenaco).
- In the second stage, the most effective medications that reduce the manifestation of discomfort and inflammation are prescribed (triamcinolone acetónido).
- Cacondroprotectors: Restoration of cartilaginous tissues, standardization of fluid production (synovial), prevent the destruction of the cartilage (sodium chondroitin).
- Hyaluronic acid is a liquid prosthesis, the product is introduced into the joint as a fluid replacement, to lubricate the surface of the joints.
- Musorelaxantes are drugs that reduce muscle spasm and also normalize the normal functioning of the circulatory system (Tolperisone hydrochloride).
- Physiotherapy: Sound wave effects, phonoforesis, ozone therapy.
- Surgical intervention (puncture, endoprothetic).
Therapeutic gymnastics and massage are also used (performed only by specialists).
Prevention
- Weight control (adequate nutrition, physical activity).
- With a significant sports and physical effort, mandatory rest.
- Prevent injuries, consume vitamin complexes.
- With the first manifestation of unpleasant sensations, looking for a doctor.
As prevention of the occurrence of cooksarters of the hip joint, it is recommended to use an exercise bicycle, since it is the one that provides the optimal and uniform load in the hip muscles, which allows them to strengthen themselves, as well as provide a better blood circulation.The exercise bike provides the possibility of choosing the optimal load parameters that take into account the individual state of a person, which does not allow the formation of injuries, as well as the appearance of complications.
Consequences and complications
The complications of the osteoarthritis of the hip joint are very significant: the destruction of cartilage tissues, the destruction of the joint, the appearance of gout, osteoarthritis (other joints), tissue necrosis and the appearance of inflammation processes.
In the absence of a competent treatment, the motor function is reduced to zero, the serious atrophy of the muscles of the limb, the chroma is manifested.In the last stage, a person cannot get up without external help.In the context of osteoarthritis, other pathologies of all the systems and organs of the body arise.